【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforPillingResistanceandOtherRelatedSurfaceChangesofTextileFabrics:BrushPillingTester
【原文标准名称】:纺织纤维的抗起球性和其他相关表面变化的标准试验方法:毛刷式起球试验仪
【标准号】:ASTMD3511/D3511M-2010e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D13.60
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:fabric;fuzz;pills;Brushpillingtester;Pillingresistance;Surfaceanalysis--textilefabrics/fibers;Textilefabrics(general)
【摘要】:AcceptanceTesting8212;Thismethodoftestingfabricsforresistancetopillingisnotrecommendedforacceptancetesting.Ifitisusedforacceptancetesting,itshouldbeusedwithcautionbecauseinterlaboratorydataarenotavailable.Insomecasesthepurchaserandthesuppliermayhavetotestacommercialshipmentofoneormorespecificmaterialsbythebestavailablemethod,eventhoughthemethodhasnotbeenrecommendedforacceptancetesting.Iftherearedifferencesorpracticalsignificancebetweenreportedtestresultsfortwolaboratories(ormore),comparativetestsshouldbeperformedtodetermineifthereisastatisticalbiasbetweenthem,usingcompetentstatisticalassistance.Asaminimum,thetestsamplesshouldbeusedthatareashomogeneousaspossible,drawnfromthematerialfromwhichthedisparatetestresultswereobtained,andrandomlyassignedinequalnumberstoeachlaboratoryfortesting.Othermaterialswithestablishedtestvaluesmaybeusedforthispurpose.Thetestresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusingastatisticaltestforunpaireddata,ataprobabilitylevelchosenpriortothetestingseries.Ifabiasisfound,eitheritscausemustbefoundandcorrected,orfuturetestresultsforthatmaterialmustbeadjustedinconsiderationoftheknownbias.Thepillingoftextilefabricsisaverycomplexpropertybecauseitisaffectedbymanyfactorswhichmayincludetypeoffiberorblends,fiberdimensions,yarnandfabricconstruction,fabricfinishingtreatmentsandrefurbishingmethod.Testingbeforerefurbishingmaybeadviseable.Thepillingresistanceofaspecificfabricinactualwearvariesmorewithgeneralconditionsofuseandindividualwearersthaninreplicatefabricspecimenssubjectedtocontrolledlaboratorytests.Thisexperienceshouldbeborneinmindwhenadoptinglevelsofacceptabilityforanyseriesofstandards.Pillsvaryappreciablyinsizeandappearanceanddependonthepresenceoflintanddegreeofcolorcontrast.Thesefactorsarenotevaluatedwhenpillingisratedsolelyonthenumberofpills.Thedevelopmentofpillsmaybeaccompaniedbyothersurfacephenomenasuchaslossofcover,colorchange,orthedevelopmentoffuzz.Sincetheoverallacceptabilityofaspecificfabricisdependentonboththecharacteristicsofthepillsandtheotherfactorsaffectingsurfaceappearance,itissuggestedthatfabricstestedinthelaboratorybeevaluatedsubjectivelywithregardtotheiracceptabilityandnotratedsolelyonthenumberofpillsdeveloped.Aseriesofstandards,basedongraduateddegreesofsurfacechangeofthefabrictypebeingtested,maybesetuptoprovideabasisforsubjectiveratings.Thevisualstandardsaremostadvantageouswhenthelaboratorytestspecimenscorrelatecloselyinappearancewithwornfabricsandshowasimilarratioofpillstofuzz.Countingthepillsandweighingtheirnumberwithrespecttotheirsizeandcontrast,asacombinedmeasureofpillingresistance,isnotrecommendedbecauseoftheexcessivetimerequiredforcounting,sizing,andcalculation.Thedegreeoffabricpillingisevaluatedbycomparingthetestedspecimenswithvisualstandards,whichmaybeactualfabricsorphotographsoffabrics,showingarangeofpillingresistance.Theobservedresistancetopillingisreportedonanarbitraryscalerangingfrom5(nopilling)to1(veryseverepilling).Thistestmethodisapplicabletoawidevarietyofwovenandknittedfabricsthatvaryinpillingpropensityasaresultofvariationsinfiber,yarnx0026;fabricstructure,andfinish.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthepropensityofafabrictoformpillsfromfuzzundertestconditionsintendedtosimulatenormal......
【中国标准分类号】:W55
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_30
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Guidetosafetyofstorageequipmentforloosebulkmaterials
【原文标准名称】:松散型物料储存设备的安全指南
【标准号】:BS6989-1989
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1989-03-31
【实施或试行日期】:1989-03-31
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:储存;安全措施;职业安全;筒仓;维修;储存斗;散货储藏容器;大门;漏斗;容器;装料斗;储藏设备;作标记;作标记;设计;装配;散货堆存;散装物料
【英文主题词】:Bulkmaterials;Materialshandling;Materialshandlingequipment;Safetyrequirements;Specifications;Storageequipment
【摘要】:Coversthespecialsafetyrulesforconstruction,installationandutilizationofhoppers,silos,storagebinsandbunkersandbingates.
【中国标准分类号】:A87
【国际标准分类号】:55_220
【页数】:8P;A4
【正文语种】:英语